1. What is Portland Cement Sand Ratio?

The Portland cement sand ratio refers to the proportion of cement to sand (and aggregate for concrete) in construction mixes. Proper ratios ensure strength, durability, and workability of the final product.

2. Standard Mixing Ratios

Common standard ratios:

Where:

• 1:4 — Stronger mortar mix (more cement)
• 1:6 — Standard mortar mix
• 1:2:4 — General purpose concrete
• 1:1.5:3 — High strength concrete

3. Importance of Proper Ratios

Details: Correct ratios ensure structural integrity. Too much cement can cause cracking, while too little weakens the mix. Ratios affect workability, strength, and durability.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Select mix type (mortar/concrete), choose ratio, enter cement amount in kg. The calculator will determine required sand and aggregate amounts.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between mortar and concrete ratios?
A: Mortar uses cement+sand only, while concrete adds aggregate. Concrete ratios have three numbers (cement:sand:aggregate).

Q2: When to use 1:4 vs 1:6 mortar?
A: Use 1:4 for structural work, 1:6 for plastering and non-load bearing applications.

Q3: Can I adjust water content?
A: Water should be about 25-30% of cement weight, adjusted for workability. Too much water weakens the mix.

Q4: How does ratio affect strength?
A: Higher cement content increases strength but may reduce workability and increase cost.

Q5: Are these ratios by weight or volume?
A: Professional mixes use weight, but volume ratios are common for small projects (1 bucket cement to 4 buckets sand).